Category Archives: Exhibitions

Hero’s uniform

Uniformity: Cracking the dress code  has just opened on level 4 of  Te Papa in the Eyelights Gallery.  This time we’ve focused on uniforms, the influence of uniforms on fashion, and elements of uniformity in the way people dress.

Lance Corporal Willie Apiata on duty in Afghanistan, 2004. Photograph courtesy of the New Zealand Army

A highlight of the exhibition is Corporal Willie Apiata, VC’s combat uniform from Afghanistan. Corporal Apiata helped us dress the mannequin, and the New Zealand Special Air Service made sure we got every detail right, including the weaponry which we’ve borrowed from a private collector.

It’s a first for Te Papa – to show a completely authentic soldier in active service mode. And it’s a great privilege to be able to tell Corporal Apiata’s story, as he is the first recipient of the Victoria Cross for New Zealand, our highest honour for bravery under fire.

September 1907 – this month last century

105 years ago New Zealand becomes a Dominion (26 September 1907)

At 11am, 26 September 1907, New Zealand officially moved up in the ranks in the British Empire. On that day it became a Dominion instead of a Colony. That night, electric illuminations on buildings in the capital proclaimed this auspicious and historical moment.

Dominion Day - Government Buildings at night, 25.09.1907, Wellington. Maker unknown. Te Papa

Dominion Day – Government Buildings at night, 25.09.1907, Wellington. Maker unknown. Te Papa

Although public servants were given a holiday and children were presented with a special medal to commemorate the event, this change did not translate into any significant changes to everyday life in New Zealand.

Dominion Day parade, 25.09.1907. Photographed by Frederick Brockett (1881-1956). Te Papa

Dominion Day parade, 25.09.1907. Photographed by Frederick Brockett (1881-1956). Te Papa

And despite military parades and flag raising ceremonies, many people did not comprehend the differences between begin a Colony and Dominion. The change was more of a political initiative, motivated by perceptions – perceptions that within the Empire, Dominions were superior to Colonies.

There’s more about New Zealand becoming a Dominion on nzhistory.net.nz

Learn about New Zealand and its colonial attachment to Great Britain in the 1900s on the Slice of Heaven exhibition website

Unforgettable: Michael Parekowhai’s ‘On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer’

If you live in the Wellington region then I really hope you’ll come to Te Papa and visit Michael Parekowhai’s On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer, which is on show on Level 5 until 23 September 2012.

Rather than describing my own experience of these works, I thought I’d share with you some of our visitors’ comments instead…

Hear Courtney Johnston talking about it on Radio NZ.

Excerpt from a letter to the editor from Wellington’s Capital Times, 5 September:

My ten year old boy and I visited Te Papa while the beautiful Steinway, carved, inlaid and painted to within a semi – quaver of its life, was being played. Have you ever seen the insides, let alone put your head beneath the lid (and under the watchful “Don’t Touch!” gaze of the attendants) of a grand piano, as Chopin is being played? We neither. Until today!  

The beautifully played music (thanks Ariana Odermatt) and the applied imagination of Parekowhai filled the exhibition space, as it did my body, mind and heart. This installation reflects and celebrates my understanding of bi- culture. Far out! Kia ora! 

Tom White, Island Bay (abridged).

Find out more about the exhibition and about a special event next Thursday night.

If you’ve already seen the works and want to share your response, please feel free to leave a comment below.

Sarah Farrar

Curator of Contemporary Art

Kahu Ora – Toi Whakarākai, Te Wānanga o Raukawa weavers

It is an honour for Te Papa to welcome this month’s resident weavers for the Kahu Ora exhibition – tutors and students from the Design and Art course of Te Wānanga o Raukawa, Otaki.

 Under the name of Toi Whakarākai, senior weavers Sonia Snowden, Pip Devonshire and Elaine Bevan later to be joined by others, will occupy the weavers’ studio until the 30th September.  Famous for their beautiful work in kete whakairo, piupiu, poi and kākahu, each of these accomplished weavers bring their own special magic to Kahu Ora.

Elaine and her potae. Image copyright Te Papa.

Elaine is weaving a shaped muka and feather pōtae or cap. She deftly twines in tiny delicate tūī feathers individually with each weft row, starting at the crown and working round, adding warp threads as she goes. It is very exacting work. Elaine’s pōtae is based on two fragile and unique examples that she has studied in the Te Papa collection. We don’t know much about them, but think that they may be aged over a hundred years old. Can’t wait to see how Elaine’s pōtae progresses.

Whaea Sonia talks to an interested visitor. Image copyright Te Papa.

 Whaea Sonia is processing muka, the fine, silky threads extracted from green harakeke leaves for weaving.  Her finely coiled twists of muka in groups are beautiful. Visitors are enthralled watching her demonstrate the haro (extraction) process of the muka with a mussel shell.

Whaea Sonia’s coiled muka. Image copyright Te Papa.

 Pip Devonshire is weaving a muka and kiwi feather tauira (sample), using a pair of driftwood turuturu (weaving pegs) attached to a wooden base, to suspend her work. The method is an adaption of the use of turuturu for weaving kākahu in the past, the only difference is that the turuturu were held upright in the ground.

Pip weaving and talking with a visitor. Image copyright Te Papa.

 Te Papa host Hohepa Potini is doing a great job with his own weaving. Hepa has been busy extracting, rolling and coiling muka fibre into bundles in preparation for a kākahu for his own children and grandchildren one day. So far he has produced over 1400 threads, phenomenal. Hepa’s feathered friend prefers to keep one eye on Hepa rather than sit with his manu-mates on the touch trolley. He’s got his hands (beak) full too.  So goes the whakatauki, or proverb, of Tamaterangi from Ngāti Kahungunu-”He ao te rangi ka uhia, he huruhuru te manu ka tau. ” As clouds bedeck the heavens, so feathers adorn the bird.  Meaning, being appropriately dressed is everything.   

Hepa coiling muka. His mate manu helps out. Image copyright Te Papa.

Come see and talk to the Toi Whakarākai weavers, with Hepa, Lucy and the host team in Kahu Ora, from Wednesday to Sunday, 12-4pm.

A sense of touch

Written by Lucy Moore, Exhibition Supervisor

One of the joys of being a Te Papa Host is when that ‘light bulb’ moment happens – when a visitor sees or experiences something profoundly new as a result of being in an exhibition.  We’ve had many of these moments in Kahu Ora in the last 2 months, often centred around the weavers’ studio, Ngā Pā Harakeke o Hine-te-iwaiwa.  In this hub of activity, visitors have the opportunity not only to see and talk to weavers as they do their work, but also to pick up and feel some of the materials and tools involved in the making of these beautiful kākahu.

The sense of touch seems to bring everything together – once a visitor has immersed themselves in the displays and the stories around the gallery, they are often itching to get their hands on something!  Somehow when they get to feel (and smell!) freshly-stripped muka (flax fibre) in the studio, they ‘get’ the hours of work, dexterity and creativity required to transform this magic material into something to keep you warm, safe, or recognised.

Maryjane Winiata (right foreground) showing how the haro technique is done. Image copyright Te Papa.

Many of our weavers have used hands-on samples to illustrate their mahi in their kōrero with visitors.  One of our most commonly heard visitor comments is ‘I had no idea!’ as people handle a hank of whenu strands, or pick up the satisfyingly heavy patu muka, used for beating and softening the harakeke fibre.

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Weavers from Porangahau interacting with visitors. Image copyright Te Papa.

 We also have the touch trolley loaded with examples of muka, weaving samples, feathers, and birds – very popular with the kids (though we often have to explain how come we have a ‘real’ kiwi sitting waiting to be patted!).  And our international visitors in particular seem to love giving weaving a go, using our samples set up for learning the whatu technique.

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Hands on weaving for the first time. Visitor from France with hosts Hohepa Potini and Catriona McPherson. Image copyright Te Papa.

Perhaps the most moving example for me of the power of tactile experience came when a group of young women bounded into the gallery one day at the end of a school trip to Te Papa.  Three of them found their way to the touch trolley and were picking up all the items with enthusiasm.  

When I showed them how to strip a blade of harakeke, and gave them the length of silky smooth muka to feel, they fell silent; the eyes of one student in particular opened wide, and she asked how she could learn the craft.  She took away not only the rolled strand of muka, but also the details of Kohai Grace’s weaving class at Whitireia Polytechnic.  As the group left the studio, I called after her, ‘Good luck on your journey,’ and she stopped, turned around and said that that was her name – Journey!

 We’re looking forward to a further 6 weeks of magic in Kahu Ora, with lots more touching moments.

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 Touch trolley in Ngā Pā Harakeke o Hine-te-iwaiwa. Image copyright Te Papa.

 

Tongan ngatu (tapa cloth): a visual record

As part of celebrating Tongan Language Week: Uike Kātonga’i ‘o e Lea Faka-Tonga (1-8 September) the Pacific Cultures team are highlighting some of the Tongan items in Te Papa’s collection. This is the  fourth blog in our series.

Tongan ngatu also known as tapa cloth is an important part of Tongan art and tradition. Te Papa’s collection of about 60 ngatu range in style and use. Some ngatu include symbols of the Tongan royal family, while another records the sighting of  Halley’s comet in 1910 (see below).

Ngatu (tapa cloth); FE012487; Purchased 2009; Te Papa

Ngatu (tapa cloth); FE012487; Purchased 2009; Te Papa

Other ngatu have  words and names inscribed on the cloth. These give us a clue about the people who were once associated with the ngatu. For example a ngatu dated 1932 has the name ‘Siaosi Taufa’ahau’  and images of cricket cups and the crest of Tupou College (see below). The name referred to the late King  Tāufa’āhau Tupou IV when he was a school boy at the College.

Ngatu (tapa cloth); FE008724; Gift of Valerie Morris, 1989; Te Papa

Ngatu (tapa cloth); FE008724; Gift of Valerie Morris, 1989; Te Papa

Another style of tapa cloth is called ngatu ‘uli (black tapa cloth) where the cloth is intensely dyed using candlenut soot, although other dyes are also applied. The ngatu ‘uli below has what appears to be a layer of red clay underneath the candlenut soot.  

Ngatu 'uli (black tapa cloth); FE010584; Te Papa

Ngatu ‘uli (black tapa cloth); FE010584; Te Papa

In 2009 for the exhibition Tapa: Pacific Style, Te Papa worked with the Otaota Fahina Society led by Reverend Sitili Tupouniua and his wife, Lolohea to film Tongan tapa-making in Auckland. To view some of the footage and interviews, click on the links below:

Watch Feletoa Fa’apoi making ngatu

Watch an interview with Lolohea Tupouniua

August 1914: This month last century

98 years ago New Zealand troops land at Apia, German Samoa (29 August 1914)

Ten days after New Zealand entered the war in Europe, it sent troops to occupy German Samoa. This force of almost 1400 men was specifically charged with seizing the colony’s wireless transmitter.

The troops that landed at Apia experienced no resistance from the Germans stationed there. James Jessen, below, was a member of this ‘Samoan Advance Party’. He was later killed on the Western Front.

John Jessen, 1914, Wellington. Berry & Co. Purchased 1998 with New Zealand Lottery Grants Board funds. Te Papa

John Jessen, 1914, Wellington. Berry & Co. Purchased 1998 with New Zealand Lottery Grants Board funds. Te Papa

The day after the New Zealand force arrived, the British occupation was formally proclaimed, with a British Union Jack raised on the Apia Court House flag pole (below).

Ceremony held in Apia, Samoa, 1914, Samoa. Thomas Andrew, photographer. Te Papa

Ceremony held in Apia, Samoa, 1914, Samoa. Thomas Andrew, photographer. Te Papa

 A German colony since December 1899, German Samoa was the second of Germany’s colonial possessions to be occupied after the declaration of the European war (as WWI was first known). The poster below lists others occupied territories.

Poster, ’German Colonial Possessions’, 1915, United Kingdom. Johnson Riddle & Co. Ltd. Gift of Department of Defence, 1919. Te Papa

Poster, ’German Colonial Possessions’, 1915, United Kingdom. Johnson Riddle & Co. Ltd. Gift of Department of Defence, 1919. Te Papa

The New Zealand military administered Samoa for the duration of the First World War although, from April 1915, the number of men garrisoned there was reduced to 250. Many were over the maximum age for military service. Others, like Eric Marchant (below), were deemed unfit for service on the Western Front.

Eric Marchant, Eric, 1918, Wellington. Berry & Co. Purchased 1998 with New Zealand Lottery Grants Board funds. Te Papa

Eric Marchant, Eric, 1918, Wellington. Berry & Co. Purchased 1998 with New Zealand Lottery Grants Board funds. Te Papa

While Captain James Fleck was stationed there, he had a chance to collect a number of Samoan artefacts, including the adzes pictured below. This was following a suggestion by ethnographer Elsdon Best.

To’i ma’a (hafted adzes, Samoa. Te Papa

At the end of the war, New Zealand was mandated by the League of Nations to govern Western Samoa. New Zealand continued its administration when Western Samoa it became a United Nations Trust Territory in 1946. This situation lasted until 1962, when Samoa gained its independent and signed the Treaty of Friendship with New Zealand.

There are more details about the New Zealand occupation and political administration of Samoa on nzhistory.net.nz

Read more about WWI servicemen who were photographed by Berry & Co, a Wellington studio photography firm

Go to the Slice of Heaven exhibition website  to learn about New Zealand’s participation in the First World War.

On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer

Michael Parekowhai’s Venice Biennale exhibition installation at Te Papa

Michael Parekowhai’s Venice Biennale exhibition On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer opened at Te Papa on Friday. The installation looks stunning, clustered in the middle of the space and the sound with the acoustics of the gallery with that high ceiling is wonderful.

The exhibition is only on for a month till September 23 2012, so a short exhibition period. I hope many people come in to experience this installation while it is here.

It is the first time the three major elements of Michael’s installation have been shown in one gallery space – the two black bronze replica piano’s and bulls and He Korero Purakau mo Te Awanui o Te Motu; story of a New Zealand river, 2011, the elaborately carved red ‘Maori piano’ – the playable steinway concert grand.

It is also perhaps the last time for a little while that this installation will be seen together.

Kahu Ora – Te Whare Pora

In the past, this was a dedicated whare, or house, where aspects of the fine arts of Māori weaving were taught. Today, ‘Te Whare Pora’ is more of a state of mind of an expert senior weaver, who carries or embodies the values, skills and knowledge of this discipline, a most complex, sacred and revered art-form.

The spiritual and conceptual aspects to Māori cloak weaving is an important part of understanding the depth of cultural knowledge expressed in this art-form. Whakapapa, or genealogy; the relationship and connectivity of all living things, is at the heart of Māori culture. Whakapapa is a key concept to Māori, explaining the descent from Atua (the spiritual realms) to elements of nature, and humanity-the intrinsic relationship of all living things.

A version of the origin of weaving is closely linked to the primal parents; Ranginui, the sky father, and Papatūānuku, the earth mother. They were separated by their son Tane-nui-a-rangi, who forced them apart so that he and his brothers could be free of the confines between their parents embrace.

Tane then searched the heavens, the realm of his father, for a source of light. He found Hine rauāmoa, the smallest, most fragile star in the sky. Their daughter was Hine-te-iwaiwa, the atua of spiritual deity of weaving, childbirth and cycles of the moon.

Hei tiki on display . On loan from Morgan family. Image copyright to Te Papa.

Hei tiki on display . On loan from Morgan family. Image copyright to Te Papa.

Hine-te-iwaiwa was the first recipient of the hei tiki, from her father Tane. Hei tiki are stylised human forms, usually fashioned from pounamu, worn suspended around the neck. They are precious taonga tuku iho. The meaning of the hei tiki varies. The tiki is said to represent Tiki, the first man. It may also represent Hine-te-iwaiwa, as the deity of childbirth. Both representations relate to conception and progeny.

 

Wahine poutokomanawa. Image copyright to Te Papa.

Wahine poutokomanawa. Image copyright to Te Papa.

 

At one side of the entrance to Te Whare Pora stands a female poutokomanawa that represents the essential, vital female element. On the other side is a male poutokomanawa. They represent an ancestral presence that greets the visitor when they enter the exhibition. Both poutokomanawa symbolise the balance between both male and female life producing elements.

Te Whare Pora, as the domain of Hine-te-iwaiwa, connects the physical and spiritual realms of weaving. A special composition for this exhibition, designed by master taonga pūoro player Dr Richard Nunns, and Steve Garden of Rattle Recording, draws together the immersive sounds of weaving in tribute to the weavers of Te Whare Pora. Te Kahureremoa Tiopira Taumata performs the vocals to her composition ‘Te Uri o Hine te iwaiwa’ (the descendants of Hine te iwaiwa).

Come visit Kahu ora and experience the sights and sounds of Māori cloak weaving, an incredible, living artform.

Kahu Ora weavers – Te Roopu Miro

Joy Anderson enthralling Te Papa hosts

Joy Andersen enthralling Te Papa hosts. Photo copyright of Te Papa.

After being away from work for over two months it was such a joy to see the Kahu Ora exhibition again. Over 48,000 people have visited so far in the two and a half months since its opening.  That’s really amazing. One of the aims of this exhibition was to bring the cloaks out from their storeroom drawers “into the light of day”, so that people are able to see some of the rare and significant Māori cloaks of Te Papa, and learn more about this important, living art-form. It’s great to see so many people are enjoying this experience and is a testament to all the contributors and staff who made the exhibition happen.

Weavers studio graphic showing Veranoa Hetet with Huhana Smith and Rachel Collinge

Weavers studio graphic showing Veranoa Hetet with Huhana Smith and Rachel Collinge. Photo copyright of Te Papa.

 Within Kahu Ora is a space specially dedicated for weavers to show the public exactly how much skill, dedication and knowledge is required for cloak weaving. There is no denying that actually seeing and talking to weavers in action is the best way to understand the intricacies of this highly specialised practice. There have been many ‘magic’ moments between visitors and weavers to date. Last week a gentleman came in to show the weavers a beautiful cloak that he had woven. He was from Levin and aged 80 years old.  Remarkable! Thank you Lizzie, Te Papa Host, for taking the photo.

Kaumatua weaver

Kaumatua weaver. Photo copyright of Te Papa.

‘Te Roopu Miro’, expert weaver Veranoa Hetet and her students Joy Andersen, Robin Bargh and Susan Luke, are the current resident weavers in the Kahu Ora weaver’s studio.  At least two weavers at a time will be demonstrating cloak weaving from Wednesday to Sunday 12pm-4pm, until the 2nd September. Veranoa, of Te Ātiawa, Ngāti Tuwharetoa and Ngāti Maniapoto descent, teaches from her papakainga community base at Waiwhetu, Lower Hutt. Veranoa comes from generations of illustrious artists; her parents being the late Erenora Puketapu-Hetet, a master weaver and Rangi Hetet, a master carver. Veranoa’s great grand mother was Dame Rangimarie Hetet, Rangi’s grandmother and a beloved, highly acclaimed master weaver.

'Tuhono' woven by Veranoa Hetet, 2012

‘Tuhono’ woven by Veranoa Hetet, 2012. Back view. Photo copyright of Te Papa.

Veranoa has three beautiful cloaks on display in the weaver’s studio, two that she wove especially to be displayed in the Kahu Ora exhibition.  ‘Tuhono’ is a contemporary work of black dyed muka fibre plaited in the whiri technique, incorporating panels of paua shell. Veranoa explained that the cloak is an expression of the joining of the sea (as in the paua shell) and land (as in the muka) elements that represent her and her sea loving carver husband Sam Hauwaho. 

'Tuakana' woven by Veranoa Hetet, 2012. Back view, showing intricate houheria pattern

‘Tuakana’ woven by Veranoa Hetet, 2012. Back view, showing intricate houheria pattern. Photo copyright of Te Papa.

‘Tuakana’ is a stunning, white muka cloak that has very fine houheria or lace bark strands, interwoven in an intricate design on the back of the cloak.  Veranoa named this cloak ‘Tuakana’, meaning senior, to pay homage to the ancient weaving connections that Māori have to the Pacific peoples. The cloak is expertly shaped like the ‘ahu ‘ula, or Hawaiian feather cloaks. Veranoa has used houheria to reference its use through other parts of the Pacific.

Joy Anderson showing muka strands to visitors

Joy Andersen showing muka strands to visitors. Photo copyright of Te Papa.

Joy Andersen comes from Foxton and is also affiliated to Ngāti Kapumanawawhiti, Otaki, through her mother.  She currently lives in Island Bay, Wellington. Joy was first inspired by Erenora, Veranoa’s mother, in 2006, after watching Erenora and a group of other weavers on the marae at Te Papa. She remembers admiring Erenora as she wove. Weaving was always something that Joy’s mother wanted them to learn together. Unfortunately that did not come to pass, but by chance a few years later, Joy read about Veranoa’s classes. She joined, and from that point, says, “I got hooked.”  

Joy says she enjoys working with harakeke (NZ flax, Phormium tenax) generally. She likes to weave big kete or baskets called wahakura. Joy made one at the same time as a hieke, or type of raincape, for her brother Basil. It was named ‘Kahurangi’, after the different hues of blue that Joy dyed the harakeke.  Joy has on display a piupiu woven for her daughter Ellen in 2009. It is a beautiful example.

Joy is weaving her first korowai. The foundation is muka, with dyed black hukahuka and pūkeko feathers incorporated on the sides. This cloak will be for Joy’s whānau (family). What a precious taonga to have .

Weaving with Veranoa today was Susan Luke. Like Joy, she’s working on her first korowai, which has a muka foundation incorporating feathers and hukahuka. It is absolutely stunning.  Do come in to meet them, admire their work and view the exhibition. Thank you to all the previous resident weavers  too. You all have given so much more to the exhibition experience, just by your presence.

Awhina Tamarapa

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